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Interferon type I and type II responses in an Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) SHK-1 cell line by the salmon TRAITS/SGP microarray

¹ Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen
² Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling
³ Roslin Institute, Roslin
⁴ School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
⁵ BasAM-Genetics, Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Oslo, Norway

Interferons (IFNs) are cytokines that have proinflammatory, antiviral, and immunomodulatory effects and play a central role during a host response to pathogens. The IFN family contains both type I and type II molecules. While there are a number of type I IFNs, there is only one type II IFN. Recently both type I and type II IFN genes have been cloned in salmonid fish and recombinant proteins produced showing IFN activity. We have stimulated an Atlantic salmon cell line (SHK-1) with both type I and type II recombinant salmonid IFNs and analyzed the transcriptional response by microarray analysis. Cells were exposed to recombinant IFNs for 6 or 24 h or left unexposed as controls. RNA was hybridized to an Atlantic salmon cDNA microarray (salmon 17K feature TRAITS/SGP array) in order to assess differential gene expression in response to IFN exposure. For IFN I and II, 47 and 72 genes were stimulated, respectively; most genes were stimulated by a single IFN type, but some were affected by both IFNs, indicating coregulation of the IFN response in fish. Real-time PCR analysis was employed to confirm the microarray results for selected differentially expressed genes in both a cell line and primary leukocyte cultures.

transcriptome; immune; fish