HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

Physiol. Genomics 27: 201-218, 2006. First published August 22, 2006; doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00284.2005
1094-8341/06 $8.00

This Article Free upon publication Full Text Full Text (PDF) Supplementary Data All Versions of this Article: 27/3/201    most recent 00284.2005v1 Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Web of Science (7) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Wilson, M. D. Articles by Koop, B. F. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Wilson, M. D. Articles by Koop, B. F.

Call For Papers: Comparative Genomics

Comparative analysis of the paired immunoglobulin-like receptor (PILR) locus in six mammalian genomes: duplication, conversion, and the birth of new genes

¹ Centre for Biomedical Research, Department of Biology, University of Victoria, British Columbia
² Department of Genetics and Genomic Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario
³ Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Manyaspects of the immune system are controlled by homologous cell surface receptors that mediate inhibitory and activating pathways. The paired immunoglobulin-like receptor (PILR) locus at 7q22 encodes both PILRA, an inhibitory receptor, and PILRB, its activating counterpart. Mouse Pilrb1 is a novel immune system regulator, and its ligand Cd99 participates in the recruitment of T-cells to inflamed tissue. We characterized the PILR locus in six mammalian genomes and investigated the structure and mRNA expression of human PILRB. Synteny at the PILR locus is conserved in the human, chimpanzee, dog, mouse and rat genomes. The absence of the PILR locus in opossum and chicken genomes suggests it arose after the divergence of placental and nonplacental mammals. In humans, a Williams-Beuren syndrome-related segmental duplication has created a complex chimeric transcript representing the predominantly expressed form of PILRB. Unlike PILRA, PILRB transcripts were detected in a wide variety of tissues including cells of the lymphoid lineage. In the mouse genome, a second activating gene, Pilrb2, and six pseudogenes were found. Extensive gene duplications in the rat genome have resulted in at least 27 Pilrb genes and or pseudogenes. Abundant gene duplication events involving novel CD99-related genes were also detected in the rat genome. In addition to duplication, we show that gene conversion has played a persistent role in the evolution of the PILR genes. Overall, we demonstrate that the PILR locus is dynamically evolving via multiple evolutionary mechanisms in several mammalian genomes.

PILRB; CD99; segmental duplication; poliovirus receptor-related immunoglobulin domain containing; 7q22

This article has been cited by other articles:

				Q. Fan, E. Lin, T. Satoh, H. Arase, and P. G. Spear Differential Effects on Cell Fusion Activity of Mutations in Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Glycoprotein B (gB) Dependent on Whether a gD Receptor or a gB Receptor Is Overexpressed J. Virol., August 1, 2009; 83(15): 7384 - 7390. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Arii, M. Uema, T. Morimoto, H. Sagara, H. Akashi, E. Ono, H. Arase, and Y. Kawaguchi Entry of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 and Other Alphaherpesviruses via the Paired Immunoglobulin-Like Type 2 Receptor {alpha} J. Virol., May 1, 2009; 83(9): 4520 - 4527. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Wang, I. Shiratori, T. Satoh, L. L. Lanier, and H. Arase An Essential Role of Sialylated O-Linked Sugar Chains in the Recognition of Mouse CD99 by Paired Ig-Like Type 2 Receptor (PILR) J. Immunol., February 1, 2008; 180(3): 1686 - 1693. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]