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Physiol. Genomics (February 15, 2005). doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00261.2004
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Submitted on November 5, 2004
Accepted on February 13, 2005

Functional Characterization of Human SLC41A1, aMg2+ Transporter With Similarity to Prokaryotic MgtE Mg2+ Transporters

Angela Goytain1 and Gary A Quamme1*

1 Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: quamme{at}interchange.ubc.ca.

We have begun to identify and characterize genes that are differentially expressed with low magnesium. One of these sequences conformed to the solute carrier, SLC41A1. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction of RNA isolated from renal distal tubule epithelial (MDCT) cells cultured in low magnesium media relative to normal media and in kidney cortex of mice maintained on low magnesium diets compared to those animals consuming normal diets confirmed that SLC41A1 transcript is responsive to magnesium. Mouse SLC41A1 was cloned from MDCT cells, expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes and studied with two-electrode voltage-clamp studies. When expressed in oocytes, SLC41A1 mediates saturable Mg2+ uptake with a Michaelis constant of 0.67 mM. Transport of Mg2+ by SLC41A1 is rheogenic, voltage-dependent, and is not coupled to Na+or Cl- ions. Expressed SLC41A1 transports a range of other divalent cations: Mg2+, Sr2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Co2+, Ba2+, Cd2+. The divalent cations Ca2+, Mn2+, Ni2+ and the trivalent ion, Gd3+ did not induce currents nor did they inhibit Mg2+ transport. The nonselective cation, lanthanum, abolished Mg2+ uptake. The SLC41A1 transcript is present in many tissues, notably renal epithelial cells, and is upregulated in some tissues with magnesium deficiency. These studies suggest that SLC41A1 is a regulated Mg2+ transporter that might be involved in magnesium homeostasis in epithelial cells.




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