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1 Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
2 Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: cjiang{at}gsu.edu.
The major cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD) is ventricular arrhythmias due to unstable myocardial electrical activity in which the ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels play a role. Genetic disruption of these channels predisposes the myocardium to arrhythmias. Two point mutations in the Kir6.2 subunit are found in SCD with acute myocardial infarction. Here we show evidence for the functional consequences of the P266T and R371H variants. Baseline single-channel properties, expression density and channel modulations were studied in patch clamp. We focused on channel modulations by intracellular ATP and protons, as the concentration of these two important KATP channel regulators changes widely with hypoxic ischemia. We found that both variants expressed functional currents even though they occur at two highly conserved regions. The open-state probability of P266T was twice as high as the wild-type (wt) channel, while its channel density was only ~20% of the wt channel. Although the outward current was not affected by these two mutations at neutral pH, it was ~20% lower at acidic pH in the P266T than in the wt channel. Both P266T and R371H mutations significantly reduced ATP sensitivity and increased the pH sensitivity. More dramatically, the allosteric regulation by intracellular ATP and protons was almost completely eliminated in the polymorphic P266T and R371H channels. Such an abnormality was seen in both inward and outward currents. Given the importance and beneficial effects of the allosteric regulation in cellular responses to metabolic stress, the loss of such a regulatory mechanism in the P266T and R371H variants appears consistent with the adverse consequences happening during acute myocardial infarction in the patients.
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