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1 Department of Transfusions Medicine, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
2 Center for Bioinformatics Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
3 Department of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute for Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
4 Department of Sports Medicine, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: derek.zieker{at}med.uni-tuebingen.de.
It is generally accepted that exhausting endurance exercise exhibits strong effects on the immune system. Such effects have been attributed to changes in the cellular composition of peripheral blood, as well as to changes in the expression of plausible candidate genes. The list of candidate genes is far from being complete, since this issue has not yet been investigated in a systematic way. In this study we used a custom-made cDNA microarray focused on inflammation as a screening approach to study gene expression in eight half-marathon runners before, immediately after and 24h after exercise. Significant differential gene expression was verified by quantitative Real Time PCR. Linear regression analysis showed that microarray expression analysis of cell type specific surface molecules reflects the observed individual cellular shifts in peripheral blood cells with high statistical significance. In line with the results of former studies, we observed an up-regulation of MAPKAP-K2, L-selectin and IL1-ra after exhaustive exercise. The main results of this study report for the first time the down-regulation of CD81, the up-regulation of Thioredoxin, which may play an important part in anti-oxidative defence, and, surprisingly, the down-regulation of the anti-carcinogenic gene GSTM3 in peripheral blood. The study shows cDNA microarray expression analysis as a reliable systematic augment to complete the list of candidate genes which may play a role in exhaustive exercise induced modulation of the immune response.
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