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1 Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
2 Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
3 School of Kinesiology and Leisure Studies, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
4 Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
5 Departments of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX, USA
6 Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Division of Biostatistics & Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: bouchac{at}pbrc.edu.
The purpose of this study was to identify regions of the human genome linked to maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and maximal power output (MPO), and their response to a standardized 20-week endurance-training program in sedentary Black and White subjects. A total of 509 polymorphic markers covering the 22 autosomes were used in the genome-wide linkage scan. Baseline phenotypes were adjusted for age, sex, and body mass, whereas the training responses were adjusted for age, sex, and the baseline values. Regression-based single- and multipoint linkage analyses were used. In the sedentary state, a total of 351 and 102 sibling pairs were available for Whites and Blacks, respectively, and 329 and 90 sibling pairs, respectively, for the training response phenotypes. Baseline VO2max showed promising linkage (P<0.0023) with 11p15.1 (Whites), and suggestive evidence of linkage (0.01>P>0.0023) was found on 1p31, 7q32, and 7q36 (Blacks). Baseline MPO exhibited promising linkage on 10q23, and suggestive evidence of linkage on 13q33 and 18q11-q12 (Whites). VO2max training response yielded promising linkages with markers on 1p31 (Blacks) and suggestive on 4q27, 7q34, and 13q12 (Whites), 16q22 and 20q13.1 (Blacks). Training-induced changes in MPO showed promising linkages on 5q23 (Whites), and suggestive on 1q21, 4p15.1, and 4p13 (Whites), 1q22 and 13q11 (Blacks). In conclusion, the strongest evidence of linkage was found on chromosomal regions 11p15 and 10q23 for VO2max and MPO in the sedentary state, and on chromosomes 1p31 and 5q23 for their responsiveness to training. These chromosomal regions harbor several candidate genes that deserve further investigation.
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