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Physiol. Genomics 39: 202-209, 2009. First published August 25, 2009; doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00095.2009
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Received 5 June 2009; accepted in final form 20 August 2009.
Physiological Genomics 39:202-209 (2009)
Copyright © 2009 the American Physiological Society © 2009 American Physiological Society

Research Articles

Transcription profiling and regulation of fat metabolism genes in diapausing adults of the mosquito Culex pipiens

Cheolho Sim and David L. Denlinger

Department of Entomology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio

Culex pipiens, the mosquito that vectors West Nile virus in North America, overwinters in an adult diapause (dormancy) that is programmed by the short day length and low temperatures of autumn. In response to these environmental signals, females cease feeding on blood and instead seek sources of nectar used to generate the huge lipid reserves required for winter survival. To identify regulatory networks that regulate fat accumulation and fat consumption during diapause, we compared expression of fat-related genes from nondiapausing females with expression of those same genes in early and late diapause and at diapause termination. Among the 31 genes we examined, 4 were expressed more highly in early diapause than in nondiapause, while 14 genes were downregulated in early diapause. In the transition from early to late diapause, 19 genes related to fat metabolism were upregulated. As reported previously, fatty acid synthase, identified as fas-1 in this study, was upregulated in early diapause. Numerous fat metabolism genes, including multiple kinetic classes and genes involved in β-oxidation, an energy-generation step, were suppressed in early diapause but were highly expressed in late diapause and at diapause termination. RNA interference (RNAi) analysis revealed that the fas-1 gene and others (fas-3 and fabp) have important roles in fat storage during early diapause. When expression of these genes is suppressed, female mosquitoes fail to sequester the lipids needed for overwintering.

diapause; RNA interference; lipid metabolism






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