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Call For Papers: Comparative Genomics

Gene expression profiles of bovine caruncular and intercaruncular endometrium at implantation

¹ Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1198 Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, Jouy-en-Josas; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons Alfort
² AgroParisTech, UMR 518 Mathématiques et Informatiques Appliquées; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR 518 Mathématiques et Informatiques Appliquées, Paris
³ Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UR1196, Unité Génomique et Physiologie de la Lactation, Jouy-en-Josas, France
⁴ Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
⁵ Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UE1298 Unité Commune d'Expérimentation Animale de Bressonvilliers, Leudeville, France
⁶ Center for Regenerative Biology, Department of Animal Sciences, Storrs, Connecticut

At implantation the endometrium undergoes modifications necessary for its physical interactions with the trophoblast as well as the development of the conceptus. We aim to identify endometrial factors and pathways essential for a successful implantation in the caruncular (C) and the intercaruncular (IC) areas in cattle. Using a 13,257-element bovine oligonucleotide array, we established expression profiles at day 20 of the estrous cycle or pregnancy (implantation), revealing 446 and 1,295 differentially expressed genes (DEG) in C and IC areas, respectively (false discovery rate = 0.08). The impact of the conceptus was higher on the immune response function in C but more prominent on the regulation of metabolism function in IC. The C vs. IC direct comparison revealed 1,177 and 453 DEG in cyclic and pregnant animals respectively (false discovery rate = 0.05), with a major impact of the conceptus on metabolism and cell adhesion. We selected 15 genes including C11ORF34, CXCL12, CXCR4, PLAC8, SCARA5, and NPY and confirmed their differential expression by quantitative RT-PCR. The cellular localization was analyzed by in situ hybridization and, upon pregnancy, showed gene-specific patterns of cell distribution, including a high level of expression in the luminal epithelium for C11ORF34 and MX1. Using primary cultures of bovine endometrial cells, we identified PTN, PLAC8, and CXCL12 as interferon- (IFNT) target genes and MSX1 and CXCR7 as IFNT-regulated genes, whereas C11ORF34 was not an IFNT-regulated gene. Our transcriptomic data provide novel molecular insights accounting for the biological functions related to the C or IC endometrial areas and may contribute to the identification of potential biomarkers for normal and perturbed early pregnancy.

transcriptome; interferon-tau; pregnancy; cattle